Bismillahirrahmanirraheem
TIJARAT KI SHARTEIN (CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS):
Ahle Ilm Ne Tijaarat Ki 5 Shartein Zikr Farmaayi Hain, Mulaheza Farmaiyye
1- Fari'qain (Buyer N Seller) Ki Bahimi Raza'mandi
Allah Tala Ne Farmaya
"Aiy Imaan Walon ! Aapas Me Ek Dusre Ke Maal Baatil Tareeqe Se Na Khao Wa Len-Den Aapas Ki Raza'mandi Se Hona Chahiye"
(Surah Baqarah 29)
Aur Hz Ibn Abbas (Ra) Se Marwi Hai Ke Nabi E Akram (Sws) Ne Farmaya
" Kisi Musalman Aadmi Ka Maal Uski Dili Khushi Ke Be'ghair Halal Nahin Hota"
(Arwa Ul Ghaleel 5/481, Baheqi 6/97)
Ek Dusri Riwayat Me Ye Lafz Hain Ke
"Sirf Khareed Wa Farokht Bahimi Raza'mandi Se Hi (Jayez) Hai"
(Arwa Ul Ghaleel 1273, Ibn Majah 2185)
"(Bayy Ke Sahih Hone Me) Sirf Bayy Aur Mush'tari Ki Raza'mandi Zaroori Hai Khwaah Ye Ishaare Ke Zariye Hi Haasil Ho Jaaye"
(Imam Shaukani Rh)
Malum Hua Ke Bayy Ke Inteqaad Ke Liye Fariqain Ki Bahimi Raza'mandi Zaroori Hai, Lihaza Agar Kisi Ko Majboor Karke Koi Cheez Bikwaayi Jaaye Toh Wah Khareed Farokht Durust Nahin Hogi,
Yahan Ye Bhi Yaad Rahe Ke Agar Fariqain Kisi Ghair Sharai Len Den Par Raazi Ho Jaaye Tab Mahaz Fariqain Ki Raza'mandi Us Len Den Ke Jawaaz Ke Liye Kafi Nahin Hogi,
Jaise Soodi Len Den Bahimi Raza'mandi Se Jayez Nahin Hoga Kyonki Usse Alag Taur Par Mana Kar Diya Gaya Hai,
Isi Tarah Zina'kari Ke Zariyr Hone Wali Kamayi Bhi Mahaz Bahimi Raza'mandi Ki Wajah Se Halal Nahin Hogi Kyonke Usse Bhi Mana Kiya Gaya Hai... Etc Etc
2- Khared Wa Farokht Karne Wala Aaqil Wa Baligh Yani Muqallaf Wa Khud Mukhtar Ho:
Kyonke Jab Tak Wah Sanne Takleef Ko Nahin Pahunchta Uska Maal Me Tasarruf Durust Nahin Jaise Ka Allah Tala Ka Irshad Hai
" Agar Tum Unme Hoshiyari Aur Hasan Tadbeer Paao Toh Unke Maal Unhe Saunp Do "
(Surah Nisa Ayat 6)
" Kam Aqal Walon Ko Apna Maal Na Do"
(Surah Nisa Ayat 5)
Imam Ibn Kathir (Rh) Ne Farmaya Ke
"Isse Malum Hua Ke Kam'aqal Logon Ko Unke Maal Ke Kharch Se Rok Dena Chahiye, Maslan Na'baligh Baccha, Majnoon Wa Diwaana, Kam'aqal Wa Be'waqoof Wagairah"
(Tafseer Ibn Kathir 2/71)
Khud'mukhtar Hona Isliye Zaroori Hai Kyonki Sehat E Tijarat Ke Liye Raza'mandi Aur Qalbi Khushi Ki Shart Lagaayi Gayi Hai, Kaisa Ke Abhi Peeche Dalail Zikr Kiye Gaye Hain
3- Jis Cheez Ki Khareed Farokht Ho Rahi Ho Uska Nafa Mubaah Ho:
Yani Un Ashya Mese Na Ho Jinka Nafa Haasil Karna Shari'at Ne Haram Qarar Diya Hai Jaise Aalaat E Lahu Wa Lu'ab, Murdaar Aur Sharab Wagerah
Chunanche Farman E Nabawi Hai
" Bila'shubah Allah Tala Aur Uske Rasool Ne Sharab, Murdar, Kheenzeer (Suwar), Aur Buton Ki Bayy Ko Haram Qarar Diya Hai"
(Bukhari 2236 Kitab Ul Buyu, Muslim 1581, Abu Dawood 3486)
4- Farokht Karne Wala Cheez Ka Malik Ho Ya Use Wah Cheez Farokht Karne Ki Ijaazat Di Gayi Ho:
Chunanche Farman E Nabawi Hai
"Jo Cheez Tumhare Paas Maujood Nahin Use Farokht Na Karo"
(Arwa Ul Ghaleel 1292, Abu Dawood 3503 Kitab Ul Buyu, Tirmizi 1232, Nisai 7/289, Ibn Majah 2187, Ahmad 3/402, Baiheqi 5/ 317)
Yani Wahi Cheez Farokht Karo Jo Tumhari Milkiyat Hai,
Iske Elawah Wah Cheez Bhi Farokht Kar Sakta Hai Jiski Ijaazat Di Ho Jaisa Ke Shariat Me Waqeel Banaane Ka Masla Saabit Hai,
Chunanche Ek Riwayat Me Hai Ke Nabi E Kareem Sallalahi Alaihi Wasallam Ne Urwa Bin Ja'ad Barqi (Ra) Ko Qurabani Ka Janwar Ya Bakri Khareedne Ke Liye Ek Dinaar Ata Farmaya
Unhone Ek Dinaar Ke Auz Do Bakriyan Khareedi,
Fir Unmese Ek Ko Ek Dinaar Ke Auz Farokht Kar Diya Aur Ek Bakri Aur Ek Dinaar Le Kar Aap (Sws) Ki Khidmat Me Haazir Hue,
Aap (Sws) Ne Unke Liye Tijaarat Me Barkat Ki Dua Farmaayi, Uske Baad Wah Mitti Bhi Khareed Lete Toh Usme Bhi Unhe Zaroori Munaafa Haasil Hota
(Bukhari 3642, Abu Dawood 3384, Tirmizi)
Note: Yahan Ye Baat Yaad Rahe Ke Agar Malik Ke Ijaazat Ke Be'ghair Koi Cheez Farokht Kar Di Jaaye Toh Aisi Bayy Ko "Bayy Fazooli" Kaha Jaata Hai,
Iske Mutaalliq Ahle Ilm Ka Kahna Hai Ke Ye Malik Ki Ijaazat Par Mauqoof Hai, Agar Wah Ilm Hone Ke Baad Use Rakhe Toh Bayy Durust Hogi Warna Nahin
5- Qabil Farokht Cheez Aur Qeemat Bayy Aur Mush'tari (Buyer n Sellar) Ko Malum Ho Majhool Na Ho
Kyonki Agar Unme Se Koi Cheez Malum Na Hogi Toh Dhoke Ka Imkaan Hai Aur Dhoke Ki Bayy Ke Nabi E Kareem Sallalaho Alaihi Wasallam Ne Mana Farmaya Hai..(Muslim 1513 Kitab Ul Buyu, Abu Dawood 3376, Tirmizi 1230)...
